From: Gary Hunt at the
Outpost of Freedom in Phoenix, Arizona
Date: June 22, 1994 Phone: (602) xxx-xxxx
The Davidian Trial - (In)Justice In America.’
I spoke with Sarah Bain the other day. She was foreman on the jury for the Branch Davidian Trial. She was also the author of a letter that was sent to Judge Walter Smith, who presided over the Trial, in which she asked the Court to understand what led to the verdicts which were handed down.
In the letter, while discussing the Count Three (using or carrying a firearm), she describes the thoughts of the jury, "At the time, the jury questioned among ourselves how sentencing could be carried out fairly since there surely must be a more serious penalty for ‘using’ as opposed to ‘carrying’ a firearm, and since we were not charged to identify which defendants, if any, should be found guilty of actually ‘using’ the firearms." (underlines mine, GH) She points out that this charge carries "a penalty of from five to thirty years in prison." This is followed by the exclamation; "I am incredulous!"
It is clear by the letter that, "the crime that the ‘carrying/using’ took place was that of aiding and abetting a voluntary manslaughter and not conspiracy to murder or aiding and abetting murder (all defendants were found not guilty of these charges)."
She later discusses the charges against Graeme Craddock, and says, "we felt we had no choice but to find him guilty in Count Three. We even discussed whether or not this was not a type of double jeopardy --- not of being tried twice for the same crime but of being punished twice for the same crime."
Ruth Riddle "retrieved a ‘long gun’ from under her bed and had passed it downstairs. It is unfathomable that for this act she is facing even five years, much less thirty years, in prison." She clarifies this issue when she states, "If we had interpreted ‘carrying’ literally, she would be totally free since there was no proof beyond a reasonable doubt that she even walked to the window of her room while in possession of a firearm!’
Regarding other defendants, she says, "on Count Two: the five individuals found guilty: Brad Eugene Branch, Kevin A. Whitecliff, Jaime Castillo, Livingston Fagan, and Renos Avraam, were not found guilty of voluntary manslaughter but of aiding and abetting voluntary manslaughter... the jury never believed these individuals themselves committed the crime of voluntary manslaughter. Further, we did believe, and the charge to the jury gave credence to the belief that aiding and abetting was a lesser charge." This is not consistent with what the Court relayed through the press.
Regarding the bringing back of the "carrying" charge, she states, "We certainly had no knowledge that the penalty for a guilty verdict would be tied to a conspiracy charge as alleged in Count One!’ The sentence on this charge was 30 years for the five named above. Obviously the Court perceived the guilt differently than the jury, or the Court has it’s own agenda.
Sarah concluded here letter; "It is now in the Court’s hands to assure that our intentions are not belied." Based upon our conversation Sarah now feels that the judge ignored this letter, the intent and determination of the jury.
Sarah, when asked if she believed that Judge Smith intended to give them (the Davidians) as close to life terms as he could said that this was probably true. She made
clear that what has come of the Trial is not what the jury intended. The charge to the jury was 68 pages. As indicated by the portions of the letter above, there was misunderstanding, and that she is fully aware of the fact that it was difficult to understand the charge as well as the verdict sheets.She was grateful that the manslaughter option was there. She felt that some of the jurors would have had to find some guilt, and perhaps gone with the conspiracy to murder charge. The manslaughter charge stated that if the agents were killed "after adequate provocation" the charge should be manslaughter. There was no doubt in the jurors minds that "adequate provocation" existed. She felt that this left some burden on the government. She was appalled that those who were even remotely associated with the death of the agents got ten years for that relationship. "Those who carried weapons got thirty years", she said, "This does not equate, in my book."
Sarah indicated that the jurors were looking forward to hearing a religious expert who was on the defense witness list, and would have given more background into the church, but were disappointed when that testimony was not allowed. They had also looked forward to Dick DeGurien’s testimony, which would have corroborated Jack Zimmerman’s testimony. She felt that there was more evidence that was not allowed and may have helped the jury to understand more what occurred on both February 28 and April 19.
When asked if she felt that the jury felt that the Davidians were within their right to defend themselves, she replied that she felt that this would be the feeling of the jury. They felt that the manslaughter charge was the lowest charge that they could go because lives were lost. When asked whether there was an option for "justifiable homicide", she said that there was no option that might have allowed a lesser charge. Based upon the instruction they felt that a guilty verdict was necessary and that the manslaughter charge was the best that they could do.
The arrest warrant cover page, for David Koresh’s arrest, was presented, but there was no affidavit in support thereof. We are still wondering if there was a "legitimate" reason for the events of February 28, 1993.
There can be little doubt that (in)justice in America is a tool of government that is used to "get back" at those who, in this case, defend their very lives. A law enforcement officer who kills a citizen (whether the citizen is armed, or not) is given time off, with pay, pending an investigation. When the case, if it does, goes before a coroner's inquest nearly every time it is deemed "justifiable homicide". Why is that option not available to We, the American People?
Renos Avraam - forty years;
Brad Branch - forty years;
Jaime Castillo - forty years;
Graeme Craddock - twenty years;
Livingston Fagan - forty years;
Paul Fatta -fifteen years;
Ruth Riddle - five years;
Kevin Whitecliff - forty years;and the sentence for America - Despotism.
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